Some of the features of the model are, however, disparate from human AAAs, including the predilection to the suprarenal aorta and the involvement of dissection as an important feature of the pathology [ 15 ]. The feared complication is rupture which is a surgical emergency due to its high mortality. The diagnosis of aortic aneurysms and aortic dissection has been revolutionized by developments in cross-sectional imaging. Aortic Aneurysm An aortic aneurysm is a pathologic dilatation of the aorta. IMAGING OF AORTIC PATHOLOGIES Dr. Pankaj Kaira JR-I Radiodiagnosis SRMSIMS,Bareilly. evidence review B: imaging techniques to diagnose abdominal aortic aneurysms Dr.Awad pathology Mitral,aortic then Rt drug Systemic embli brain,kideny,etc infacts then abscesses Ring abscesses Dr.Awad Non bacterial thrombotic EC Small thrombi sterile infarcts Hypercoagulability & DIC mucin secreetin tumors Trousseau syndrome, M3 Endocarditis of SLE (Libman-Sacks disease) fibrinoid necrosis , fibrosis & deformity Anti phospholipid syndome Pinpoint hemorrhagesPinpoint hemorrhages (epicardium of heart)(epicardium of heart) Often due to lowOften due to low platelet count.platelet count . Chapter 3 Aneurysms & Dissection AORTIC DISSECTION osms.it/aortic_dissection PATHOLOGY & CAUSES PATHOLOGY Tearing/widening of artery's internal layer, followed by blood entering vessel wall, causing pain Typically affects aorta Tear forms in tunica intima of aorta high pressure blood ows between tunica intima/tunica media layer separation false lumen dilate aorta Most . ATHEROSCLEROTIC ANEURYSM Atherosclerosis is the most common cause of aortic aneurysm Most frequently occur in males, >50 years of age Most occur in abdominal aorta, below the renal arteries Complications include thrombosis, embolism, and rupture 6. Most patients with IMH have Stanford type B (50% to 85%). Aortic aneurysm classified by etiology, location, and shape most common dissecion predisposing atherosclerosis, aortitis, cystic medial necrosis, syphilitc aortitis, trauma, postoperative false aneurysm, connective tissue disorders, and congenital aortic anomalies De Bakey and Stanford classification Shape fusiform and saccular 3 Goal The broad term aortic aneurysm is usually reserved for pathology discussion. Aneurysms are described in terms of Aortic Aneurysm An aortic aneurysm is a pathologic dilatation of the aorta. 3. Abstract The pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysm involves many factors acting over time. What is an aortic aneurysm An aneurysm can be caused by pressure on a weakened section of the arterial wall or by dissection - a split in the three layers of tissue comprising the aortic wall - blood seeps between them, the wall stretches, increasing the risk of rupture Slide 8 - ppt slide no 8 content not found Slide 9 - Given the sexual disparities in aneurysm pathology demonstrated in this and multiple other publications, . IMH converts to acute aortic dissection in 3% to 14% of patients with . definition : localized or diffuse aortic dilation that exceeds 50% of the normal aortic diameter elasticity and tensile strength from the medial layer contains elastin, collagen, smooth muscle cells, and ground substance genetic factors cystic medial degeneration leads to the final common pathway of progressive aortic expansion and The advent of combined vascular and endovascular procedures opened a new eld thereby enabling treatment in previously operated on and in less t patients. As classically defined and simply put, pathology involving the ascending aorta is treated with emergency open surgery whereas more distal disease sparing the ascending aorta is treated with medical therapy and endovascular stenting. Dissecting aneurysm of the aorta (Aortic dissection) The aortic wall has split (dissected) at the level of the media producing an outer false lumen running parallel to the central true lumen which is narrowed. Thoracic aortic aneurysms can be divided pathologically according to their relationship to the aortic wall 1: true aneurysm atherosclerotic aneurysms (most common) inflammatory/ aortitis rheumatoid arthritis (RA) ankylosing spondylitis Takayasu arteritis giant cell arteritis (GCA) syphilis connective tissue disease cystic medial necrosis Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm symptoms and causes - About- Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) is a bulge or swelling in the Aorta, the largest blood vessel that supplies blood to the body which runs from the heart down through the chest and tummy. Aortic Aneurysm. 1. inflammatory abdominal aortic aneurysm (IAAA) Diagnosis 1. Treatment includes open surgery, minimally invasive procedures, medications, lifestyle changes. pathogenesis the 2 most important disorders that predispose to aortic aneurysms are atherosclerosis (a greater factor in abdominal aortic aneurysms), hypertension (most common condition associated with aneurysms of the ascending aorta) other conditions that weaken vessel walls and lead to aneurysms include trauma, vasculitis, congenital Simon S. Cross MD FRCPath, in Underwood's Pathology, 2019 Aortic dissection (dissecting aneurysms) In the dissecting aneurysm, commonly in the aorta, blood is forced through a tear in the arterial intima to create a blood-filled space in the media (Fig. The inferior and anterior myocardial infarctions occur with almost equal frequency. An arterial aneurysm is defined as a permanent localized dilatation of the vessel at least 150% compared to a relative . An aneurysm is a localized sac or dilation formed at a weak point in the wall of the aorta Because of the high pressure in the arterial system, aneurysms can enlarge, producing . -Atheromal deposit . Rapid heart rate. Pathology of aortic aneurysms varies in different segments of the aorta and in different predisposing diseases. CARDIOVASCULAR PATHOLOGY. Aortic aneurysm is a focal or diffuse dilatation of the aorta involving all three layers of the aortic wall. An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a bulge or swelling in the aorta, the main blood vessel that runs from the heart down through the chest and tummy. Aortic Aneurysm Complications. This helps you give your presentation on Aortic aneurysms-anaesthesia in a conference, a school lecture, a business proposal, in a webinar and business and professional representations. Normal Heart. Both smoking and B.P or blood pressure have a severe effect on the development of an aortic aneurysm. Aortic aneurysms occur when a weak part of the aorta expands like a balloon, forming a blood-filled sac.Mostly, aneurysms cause no symptoms, but they can be life-threatening if they become too large and rupture, or burst. Most do not survive long enough to get to the . Slide 1-. Aortic aneurysm - There are two types of aortic aneurysm - Abdominal aortic aneurysm and . Involves cardiac surgery, vascular surgery & endovascular surgery, cardiovascular . in addition to coronary and peripheral artery diseases, aortic diseases contribute to the wide spectrum of arterial diseases: aortic aneurysms, acute aortic syndromes (aas) including aortic dissection (ad), intramural haematoma (imh), penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer (pau) and traumatic aortic injury (tai), pseudoaneurysm, aortic rupture, May/may not have back/flank ecchymosis. Types of Aneurysms True vs. False (pseudoaneurysm) True: involves all 3 layers of the arterial wall False: presence of blood flow outside of normal layers of arterial wall. The prognosis or outcome depends on the size of an aortic aneurysm and its location. Although thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysms share some common characteristics, including the gross anatomic appearance, alterations in extracellular matrix, and loss of smooth muscle cells, they are distinct diseases. This is exacerbated in the presence of hypertension. Compromise in the structural and functional . Citation, DOI & article data. Similar to acute aortic dissection, it is classified as Stanford type A (ascending aorta) or B (exclusive involvement of the descending aorta). Dissecting aneurysm of the aorta (Aortic dissection) PATHOGENESIS 1. Slide 2-. Because of the constant pressure of the circulating blood within the artery, the weakened part of the arterial wall becomes enlarged, leading ultimately to serious and even fatal complications from the compression of surrounding structures or from rupture and hemorrhage . A total of 1373 patients with available surgical tissue pathology from open thoracic aortic aneurysm repairs between 2007 and 2017 were identified in the UPHS pathology database. evidence review A: risk factors for predicting presence of an abdominal aortic aneurysm. Check out this medical presentation on Aorta, which is titled "Acute Aortic Syndrome", to know about acute aortic syndrome, a variety of acute painful and potentially life-threatening aortic pathologies requiring immediate medical attention. Types of AneurysmsTypes of Aneurysms There are two main types of aneurysms: 1. Aortic aneurysm Dr rahul c. 2. Abstract. This free Aortic Aneurysm Medical PPT is royalty free and easy to use. It's a great marketing tool that allows you to share your presentations with marketers, presenters, educationists and others anywhere around the world, and lightning fast. In recent years . Symptoms- Tummy pain Irregular heartbeat Lower back pain Sweaty skin Fainting Causes- Although the exact cause of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) is . The aorta is the largest and strongest artery in the body. Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a degenerative vascular pathology resulting in significant morbidity and mortality in older adults due to rupture and sudden death. Symptoms include chest or abdominal pain, cough, shortness of breath. evidence review A: risk factors for predicting presence of an abdominal aortic aneurysm. In response to changes in the biomechanical environment, aortic cells and extracellular matrix modulate their structure and functions to increase aortic wall strength and meet the hemodynamic demand. It explains 85% of a true LV aneurysms . This helps you give your presentation on Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm-Radiology in a conference, a school lecture, a business proposal, in a webinar and business and professional representations. SlidesFinder is a very popular and powerful online presentation sharing website that allows you to upload your PowerPoint presentations online for free. Despite 150 000 new cases and nearly 15 000 deaths annually, the only approved treatment of AAA is surgical or endovascular intervention when the risk for aortic rupture is increased. These cases formed two groups, 29 with widespread fragmentation and loss of elastic tissue (elastopathy) and 16 cases without elastopathy who were older and included most of the 18 cases of dissecting aneurysms. Number of Views: 845. Contents 1 Aortic aneurysm 2 Coronar (heart) aneurysm 3 Cerebral (intracranial) aneurysm 3.1 Clinic 3.2 Classification 3.3 Micro 3.4 Image 4 See also 5 References Aortic aneurysm options for patients with thoracic aortic pathology involving the aortic arch. Absolutely free for medical and healthcare professionals. Abnormal localised dilatation of a blood vessel due to weakness of the vessel wall Most commonly abdominal aorta Usually asymptomatic May have back pain Often discovered incidentally NHS AAA screening programme 3. In 63 resected thoracic aortic aneurysms, the commonest histological finding (45 cases, 71.4%) was cystic medionecrosis. Axial stress induces inflammation and vascular wall remodeling, which are known hallmarks of AAA pathogenesis. Most of the aneurysms are caused by atherosclerosis whilst trauma, infection and genetic syndromes are other causes.
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